Seasonal and interannual circulation in the Persian Gulf shapes currents, eddies, and Hormuz exchange—critical knowledge for safe, efficient shipping. Snapshot of temperature and velocity (only one arrow every 20 km […]
An Empire’s Enduring Legacy in Faith and History The enduring search for the identity of Dhul-Qarnayn (“The Possessor of Two Horns”), the righteous ruler described in Surah Al-Kahf of the Qur’an, transcends […]
Explore the 20,000-year transformation of the Persian Gulf’s shoreline from a vast river valley to a global maritime hub. Learn how past climate shifts shape modern navigation, port engineering, and […]
A detailed modeling-based study of circulation and eddies in the Persian Gulf, explaining numerical methods, mesoscale dynamics, and operational maritime relevance. At first glance, the Persian Gulf may appear oceanographically […]
A comprehensive guide to the physical oceanography of the Persian Gulf, Strait of Hormuz, and Gulf of Oman, explaining circulation, tides, salinity, and maritime impacts. Bathymetry and map of the […]
New projections reveal a stark demographic split: Most Middle Eastern populations will surge through 2100, but Iran and Turkey face steady decline. Explore the data and its profound implications. […]
At sunrise, a loaded VLCC clears its berth somewhere along the Persian Gulf coastline. Pilot disembarked, engines steady, radar clean. The ship’s destination may be a refinery in China, India, […]
How the Persian Gulf’s rentier states evolved—from oil rents to mega-ports and sovereign wealth funds—and what this political economy means for maritime trade. Stand on the bridge of a tanker […]
A comprehensive political and economic history of the Persian Gulf in the 20th century, exploring oil, trade, empire, and maritime power shaping global shipping. In the twentieth century, few maritime […]
An in-depth maritime analysis of oil pollution, water scarcity, and geopolitical conflicts over marine resources in the Persian Gulf—and what it means for shipping. The Persian Gulf is often described […]
