Marine Science is the study of oceans, marine ecosystems, and aquatic organisms, integrating disciplines such as biology, chemistry, physics, and environmental science. It plays a crucial role in understanding climate […]
The Persian Gulf, a vital body of water in the Middle East, is not only a hub of biodiversity but also a region of immense economic and geopolitical significance. The Persian […]
The International Maritime Organization (IMO) plays a pivotal role in safeguarding the world’s oceans through various conventions and regulations. One of its most significant initiatives is the Particularly Sensitive Sea Areas (PSSA) designation, […]
The International Convention for the Prevention of Pollution from Ships (MARPOL) by the International Maritime Organization(IMO) is the primary global treaty aimed at minimizing marine pollution caused by ships. One […]
Environmental Performance Evaluation (EPE) is a structured and systematic approach used to assess, monitor, and improve the environmental performance of organizations, including shipping companies. The maritime industry, as a significant […]
Biofouling, the accumulation of marine organisms on ship hulls, is a persistent challenge in the maritime industry. From microscopic algae to barnacles and mussels, these aquatic organisms attach to submerged […]
The European Union (EU) has been at the forefront of global efforts to combat climate change and reduce greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions. The maritime sector, being a significant contributor to […]
The Persian Gulf, a semi-enclosed body of water located between Iran and the Arabian Peninsula, is characterized by its unique marine ecosystems shaped by extreme environmental conditions. These include high […]
The cruise and passenger ship industry is a thriving sector, offering luxury travel experiences to millions of passengers worldwide. However, its environmental impact cannot be overlooked. The role of the […]
Turkey’s extensive dam-building initiatives, particularly along the Tigris and Euphrates rivers, have profound implications for neighboring countries, especially Iraq and Syria. These projects not only threaten the water supply and […]
